Globalization is a part of modern life. Sharing a common set of professional nursing values is critical in this global environment. The purpose of this research was to examine the professional values of nursing students from two distinct cultural perspectives. Nurse educators in Taiwan partnered with nurse educators in the United States to compare professional values of their respective graduating nursing students. The American Nurses Association Code of Ethics served as the philosophical framework for this examination. The convenience sample comprised (...) 94 Taiwanese students and 168 US students. Both groups reported high scores on an overall measure of values. They did differ substantially on the relative importance of individual items related to advocacy, competence, education, self-evaluation, professional advancement, and professional associations. Global implications for the collaborative practice of nurses from different cultures working together can be improved by first recognizing and then attending to these differences in value priorities. (shrink)

This book includes both the original German version and, for the first time, an English translation of Carl Wilhelm Frolich's important essay of 1792. In it, Frolich addresses the major concerns of the late eighteenth century and expresses his belief that social circumstances significantly determine individual happiness.

Professional values are standards for action and provide a framework for evaluating behavior. This study examined changes in the professional values of nursing students between their entrance to and graduation from an undergraduate nursing program. A pre- and post-test design was employed. A convenience sample of 94 students from a university in Taiwan was surveyed. Data were collected from students during the sophomore and senior years. Total scores obtained for the revised Nurses Professional Values Scale during the senior year of (...) the nursing program were significantly higher than upon program entry. The ‘caring’ subscale was scored highest at both program entry and graduation, but the pre- and post-test scores were not significantly different from each other. The students scored significantly higher on the ‘professionalism’ and ‘activism’ subscales at post-test than they did at pre-test. Professional values changed in a positive direction between the beginning of the student nurses’ educational experience and their graduation. The results supported the premise that education had a positive effect on these students’ professional values but causality could not be assumed. (shrink)

While it is widely assumed that greater diversity in corporate governance will enhance a firm’s corporate social performance, this study considers an alternative thesis which relates managerial control to corporate philanthropy. The study empirically evaluates both board diversity and managerial control of the board as possible predictors of corporate philanthropy. The demonstration of a positive relationship between managerial control and corporate philanthropy contributes to our understanding that corporate social performance results from a complex set of economic and social motives. Possible (...) future research and managerial implications are discussed. (shrink)

ABSTRACT The resurgence of Confucian education in present-day China has received increasing academic attention over the last two decades. However, certain aspects of this trend remain poorly understood, particularly parents’ involvement in their children’s Confucian education. Based on a qualitative study conducted at a Confucian school, this article sheds light on why some Chinese parents today send their children to learn the Confucian classics. The parents interviewed criticised China’s examination-oriented state school system, which they regarded as too practically oriented to (...) realise students’ personal and moral development. Instead, they wanted their children to cultivate Confucian virtues and moral suzhi (‘quality’). Also, Wang Caigui’s theory of ‘children reading classics’ education strengthened the parents’ confidence in the Confucian pedagogy of memorisation. Based on these findings, the article argues that using the critique tool, parents who advocate Confucian education have emerged as critical citizens who reflect on how not to be governed by the mainstream state education. (shrink)

Jean-Paul Sartre argues that human beings are fundamentally incomplete. Self-consciousness brings with it a presence-to-self. Human beings consequently seek two things at the same time: to possess a secure and stable identity, and to preserve the freedom and distance that come with self-consciousness. This is an impossible ideal, since we are always beyond what we are and we never quite reach what we could be. The possibility of completion haunts us and we continue to search for it even when we (...) are convinced it can never be achieved. Sartre suggests that we have to continue seeking this ideal in the practical sphere, even when our philosophical reflection shows it to be an impossibility. Sartre puts this existential dilemma in explicitly theological terms. 'God' represents an ideal synthesis of being and consciousness which remains a self-contradictory goal. This dilemma remains unresolved in his thinking. (shrink)

Self-motion through space generates a visual pattern called optic flow. It can be used to determine one’s direction of self-motion (heading). Previous studies have already shown thatthis perceptual ability, which is of critical importance during everyday life, changes with age. In most of these studies subjects were asked to judge whether they appeared to be heading to the left or right of a target. Thresholds were found to increase continuously with age. In our current study, we were interested in absolute (...) rather than relative heading judgements and in the question about a potential neural correlate of an age-related deterioration of heading perception. Two groups, older test subjects and younger controls, were shown optic flow stimuli in a virtual-reality setup. Visual stimuli simulated self-motion through a 3-D cloud of dots and subjects had to indicate their perceived heading direction after each trial. In different subsets of experiments we varied individuallyrelevant stimulus parameters: presentation time, number of dots in the display, stereoscopic vs. non-stereoscopic stimulation, and motion coherence. We found decrements in heading performance with agefor each stimulus parameter. In a final step we aimed to determine a putative neural basis of this behavioural decline. To this end we modified a neural network model which previously has proven to be capable of reproduce and predict certain aspects of heading perception. We show that the observed data can be modeled by implementing an age related neuronal cell loss in this neural network. We conclude that a continuous decline of certain aspects of motion perception, among them heading, might directly be based on anage-related progressive loss of groups of neurons being activated by visual motion. (shrink)

A lo largo de más de tres décadas, la obra de Lluís Duch (Barcelona, 1936) se ha ido consolidando en el ámbito de los estudios de historia de la cultura europea con una voz verdaderamente singular. Sus estudios sobre el mito son ya un referente ineludible en nuestro país y en Latinoamérica. Empalabrar el mundo, título de este volumen, es una de las expresiones más conseguidas de Lluís Duch, ya que en ella se da cita el alcance de su compromiso (...) intelectual y espiritual con el ser humano que habita un aquí y un ahora ineludibles. Empalabrar el mundo dota de sentido a todo cuanto contiene este volumen: además de una introducción general al pensamiento de Lluís Duch, un conjunto de aportaciones centradas en momentos principales de su obra o que entran en diálogo con la misma, así como dos textos del propio Duch relativos a la cuestión del mito, una breve biografía del autor y una bibliografía completa de sus publicaciones. Este libro quiere ser una invitación a la lectura de la peculiar antropología desarrollada por Lluís Duch a lo largo de más de cuarenta libros y de centenares de artículos científi cos, y quiere constituir, con ocasión de su setenta y cinco cumpleaños, un homenaje al pensador, al antropólogo y al monje. (shrink)

This chapter summarises several important propositions Chenyang Wang has developed throughout this book. The first proposition is to think of the notion of time in Lacan’s work beyond a one-dimensional, unitary category. In other words, a singular ontological ground on which the conception of time can be theorised does not exist in Lacan’s work. The second proposition is that the notion of time in Lacan’s work is characterised by a radical sense of otherness. The third proposition is that the (...) notion of time in Lacan’s work offers a genuine appreciation of subjectivity in a process of becoming that goes against the logic of spatialisation. The fourth proposition is that the notion of time in Lacan’s work contributes to a new epistemology of sexed subjectivity. The conclusion also indicates the direction this study may possibly open up for future work. (shrink)

Assailing corruption, misrule, and neglect of the common people, Wang Fu's Essays of a Recluse (Qianfulun) offers a rare outsider view of culture, society, and government during the Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 CE).

Human population genetic research (HPGR) seeks to identify the diversity and variation of the human genome and how human group and individual genetic diversity has developed. This book asks whether developing countries are well prepared for the ethical and legal conduct of human population genetic research, with specific regard to vulnerable target group protection. The book highlights particular issues raised by genetic research on populations as a whole, such as the capacity for current frameworks of Western developed countries to provide (...) adequate protections for target groups in human population genetic research, and explores potential groups of people that may suffer harm in this kind of research. Using The People's Republic of China as a key example, Yue Wang argues that since the target groups of HPGR are almost always vulnerable groups from isolated and rural areas of developing countries, the ethical and legal frameworks for human subject protection need to be reconsidered in order to eliminate, or at least reduce, the vulnerability of those groups. While most research in this field focuses on the impact on individuals, this book breaks new ground in exploring how the interests of target groups are also seriously implicated in genetic work. The book argues that current regulations are far from sufficient to prevent harm to vulnerable groups and puts forward an alternative model for group protection in the context of human population genetic research in developing countries. The book will be of great interest to students and academics of medical law, ethics, and the implications of genetic research. (shrink)

This article analytically describes how the state of mainland China addresses the 'periphery syndrome' of education in its 'peripheral areas' of national minorities. It discusses the rationales, policies, implementations and results for the development of minority basic education. The examination of the 9-year compulsory schooling and the boarding school system for minority pupils suggests contradictions and mismatches between state policies and implementations. The article reveals educational, as well as geographical displacement of minority schooling, particularly the internationally little-known Tibetan Schools and (...) Classes that have been radically developed in the metropolises of Han majority. The dislocation of reform for minority basic education, especially the lack of cultural sensitivity, is further compounded by the ubiquitous practices of pupil tracking and school differentiation in the education system. The author concludes that the policy components of cultural responsiveness should be integrated in minority education development. (shrink)

Journal Name: Semiotica - Journal of the International Association for Semiotic Studies / Revue de l'Association Internationale de Sémiotique Volume: 2013 Issue: 196 Pages: 125-137.

Elongation bias is consumer’s faulty perception toward a product. Elongation bias happens on visual, touch, and hearing senses. This research focused on product of tea that bottled in different kind of container and volume. Results on visual perception show that elongation bias exists in subject’s perception about the volume of tea. A taller bottle is always perceived has a greater volume than a shorter one. Therefore for the economical reason, with the same price of tea, subjects prefer to buy a (...) taller bottle.  . (shrink)

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar la idea de tiempo en Levinas, vinculándola con el deseo metafísico. Ambos rompen con las concepciones de la filosofía tradicional y abren otro modo de concebir la ética. En la obra de Levinas la ética es una forma «responsiva» capaz de conservar el espíritu de respuesta. Es una ética en la que no sólo el sujeto, el Yo, es puesto en duda, sino que también se cuestiona el espacio entre nosotros. Este cuestionamiento es (...) el fruto de la demanda (A n s p r u c h), demanda que surge a la vez como «petición de» o «reclamación» de algo y como «apelación a» alguien. (shrink)

En este ensayo se trata de reflexionar sobre la implicación de la hermenéutica (de inspiración nietzscheana) en filosofía de la educación. En la primera parte se lleva a cabo una crítica del positivismo y de la pedagogía tecnológica. En la segunda, se exponen algunas de las implicaciones hermenéuticas más importantes de la filosofía de Nietzsche. Finalmente, en la tercera parte, se realiza una propuesta filosófico-pedagógica de inspiración hermenéutica, que el autor denomina "narrativa" para contraponerla tanto al positivismo como a la (...) metafísica. (shrink)

Background: Freezing of gait is a common symptom in Parkinson’s disease and can be difficult to treat with dopaminergic medications or with deep brain stimulation. Novel stimulation paradigms have been proposed to address suboptimal responses to conventional DBS programming methods. Burst-cycling deep brain stimulation delivers current in various frequencies of bursts, while maintaining an intra-burst frequency identical to conventional DBS.Objective: To evaluate the safety and tolerability of BCDBS in PD patients with FOG.Methods: Ten PD subjects with STN or GPi DBS (...) and complaints of FOG were recruited for this single center, single blinded within-subject crossover study. For each subject, we compared 4, 10, and 15 Hz BCDBS to conventional DBS during the PD medication-OFF state.Results: There were no serious adverse events with BCDBS. It was feasible and straightforward to program BCDBS in the clinic setting. The benefit was comparable to conventional DBS in measures of FOG, functional mobility and in PD motor symptoms. BCDBS had lower battery consumption when compared to conventional DBS.Conclusions: BCDBS was feasible, safe and well tolerated and it has potential to be a viable future DBS programming strategy. (shrink)

Perspectivisations of ‘perspectivism’ in Nietzsche’s published works and posthumous notes: Methodological questions of text-focused scholarship. Following its guiding methodological hypothesis that the form and content of Nietzsche’s thought are inextricably intertwined, the emerging movement of textfocused scholarship has mainly dealt with his published works so far. Posthumous notes and manuscripts for printing were primarily used to reconstruct the textual genesis of the published works and to make sense of them by means of so called ‘contrasting readings’ that compare various genetical (...) stages of the same text. Taking the theme of ‘perspectivism’ as an example, this article suggests a different method of contrasting based on aspects such as philosophical themes, modes of presentation, typological characters or forms of textual reflexivity,which allows approaching posthumous notes that have no genetical relationship to published texts or other notes: By first summarising how ‘perspectivism’ is rendered in key passages of the published works and then proceeding to two notes that revolve around the same theme, the article demonstrates that the latter contain similar, albeit more subtle and rudimentary traces of textual reflexivity. In either case, ‘perspectivism’ is not being presented as a straightforward epistemological theory that Nietzsche holds but rather appears to be a perspective itself. As these self-referential perspectivisations of ‘perspectivism’ can be shown to be present in the ‘Nachlass’ as well, the common perception that Nietzsche’s notes show a lower degree of reflexivity than his published works must be rejected, at least regarding the two examples discussed. At the same time, demonstrating this type of textual reflexivity in close readings and making sense of contextual links to other themes such as the ‘will to power’ is much easier in the case of published works where infra- and intratextual relations are more tangible. Therefore, the article invites further methodological discussion on how contextual relations should be established and qualified in the case of ‘Nachlass’ material. (shrink)

Nietzsche in the classroom. On the edition of the Basel lectures. This paper examines both the text critical problems faced by the editors of Nietzsche’s philological writings and the solutions proposed in each edition. The aim is to set guidelines for a digital genetic edition of Nietzsche’s philological work. In particular, this article emphasizes the relevance of students’ notes, whose value has been neglected, to deal with editorial problems, to better understand Nietzsche’s teaching methods and to evaluate the cognitive skills (...) and abilities developed by his students during the lectures. (shrink)

Nero and Napoleon in Nietzsche’s Nachlass. Images of sovereigns as actors, delinquents and tyrants. The present article approaches Nietzsche’s deliberations on sovereigns as actors, delinquents and tyrants by illustrating how Nero and Napoleon are portrayed in Nietzsche’s literary estate (‘Nachlass’). It focuses on notates which were until now merely considered preliminary stages (‘Vorstufen’) and therefore neglected by previous editions. In these notates, Nietzsche conceptualizes narrative portraits of rulers (‘Herrscherbilder’), a term which the article intermedially transfers and uses as a literary (...) analysis tool, by metaphorically depicting dominion as a form of acting and felony. The article argues that Nietzsche regards Nero and Napoleon as diametrical opponents because he degrades Nero as a failed actor and criminal (and therefore a failed ruler), while Napoleon represents his ideal of a strict sovereign. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that Nietzsche uses Nero and Napoleon as contrary examples of his concepts of late and transition periods. (shrink)

The Use and Abuse of a Forgotten Umbrella. Jacques Derridaʼs interpretation of the Nachlass in Éperons - with an excursus on Heidegger. This study is about a note from the autumn of 1881 from the notebookN V7, which simply says: “‘I have forgotten my umbrella’”. In his lecture Éperons. Les Styles de Nietzsche from 1972 Derrida not only talks about Nietzscheʼs writing style, but also about this short Nachlass note. Derrida also uses this note to reflect on Nietzscheʼs writing style (...) and the form of his texts - and how they should be encountered, or not encountered, interpretatively. On the one hand, Derridaʼs interpretation of this short sentence already shows remarkable aspects for the Nietzsche debate taking place in France in the early 1970s with regard to the evaluation and assessment of Nietzscheʼs Nachlass. On the other hand, this interpretation also points to problems that lie in the edition of the Nachlass - especially that of Giorgio Colli and Mazzino Montinari - which is still mostly cited without critical remarks in the Nietzsche research, but which also concern the general interpretation of Nietzscheʼs Nachlass.The problems that unfold not only concern the Nachlass, but also affect the general approach to Nietzscheʼs writings. However, Derridaʼs own interpretations of this specific note poses problems as well, with which he himself partially undermines the problematisation of rash, standardising Nietzsche interpretations that he first developed. (shrink)